In traditional karate, the grading system is a means of recognizing and validating a practitioner’s skills, knowledge and experience. It is based on the attribution of grades, represented by belts of different colors, which reflect the individual’s level of skill and knowledge.
The Kyu-Dan system:
The karate grading system is generally divided into two categories: Kyu grades and Dan grades.
Kyu grades are the lower grades and are generally represented by coloured belts. The order and specific colors may vary from style to style and school to school, but the common order is from white (beginner) to brown.
Dan grades, on the other hand, are the higher grades and are represented by the black belt. Dan grades range from 1st to 10th Dan, with 10th Dan being the highest level attainable.
Promotion :
To move from one grade to the next, a student must pass an exam called a grade or belt exam. These exams assess the student’s knowledge and skills in a number of areas, including :
- Kihon (basic techniques): students demonstrate a variety of punches, kicks and blocks, as well as correct movements and postures.
- Kata (forms): the student must perform one or more kata, which are predetermined sequences of movements representing a series of attacks and defenses against several imaginary opponents.
- Kumite (combat): students must demonstrate their ability to use karate techniques in real or simulated combat.
- Theory: students may be asked about the history, philosophy and principles of karate, as well as the names and applications of the various techniques.
Importance of the gradation system :
The grading system plays an important role in traditional karate. It provides students with a clear framework for their progress, with objectives to be achieved and skills to be mastered at each level. It also recognizes students’ achievements and commitment to the study of karate.
Finally, it should be noted that rank reflects not only technical competence, but also adherence to karate values such as respect, discipline and humility. Consequently, a good karateka is not only one who excels in kihon, kata and kumite, but also one who embodies the spirit of karate in his or her daily life.